Colorectal cancer surgery offers faster healing, less pain, and fewer complications. Modern techniques, such as laparoscopic and robotic-assisted procedures, help achieve this. These minimally invasive methods involve smaller cuts.
Dr Sanjoy Mandal, a leading GI surgeon in Kolkata, specialises in advanced colorectal tumour removal using these techniques. His approach ensures improved outcomes and shorter hospital stays.
In this blog, let’s talk about how modern colorectal cancer surgery is enhancing recovery and improving the quality of life for patients.
Understanding Colorectal Cancer and Surgical Options
What is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the colon or rectum. It occurs when abnormal cells grow out of control. It is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of cancer deaths. Symptoms of colorectal cancer include the following-
- Changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhoea or constipation
- Blood in the stool
- Unexplained weight loss
Types of Colorectal Surgeries
- Segmental colectomy
The surgeon removes the part of the colon that has cancer and then reconnects the healthy ends.
- Proctectomy
A section of the rectum is removed. In most cases, the bowel is reconnected, allowing patients to pass stool in a usual manner.
- Colostomy or Ileostomy
Sometimes, the surgeon creates a small opening in the abdomen called a stoma. Waste then passes into a bag outside the body. This can be either temporary or permanent.
These colorectal tumour removal techniques are chosen based on the cancer’s location and how advanced it is.
When will surgery become necessary?
Surgery is usually needed when cancer affects the colon or rectum. If the cancer has spread to other parts of the body (metastasis), surgery can still be beneficial.
In such cases, it may help to remove as much of the tumour as possible or to ease symptoms, such as pain or blockage. In combination with treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation, surgery can enhance survival rates. It can lead to better colorectal surgery outcomes.
Minimally Invasive Techniques for Faster Recovery
Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
In this procedure, the surgeon makes a few small cuts. A tiny camera and special tools help remove the tumour. It results in less damage to nearby tissues. So, patients heal faster and have shorter hospital stays. Visit Dr Sanjoy Mandal, a leading GI surgeon in Kolkata, for the best outcome.
Robotic-Assisted Surgery
Another option is robotic-assisted colon surgery. Here, the surgeon controls robotic arms to perform the operation. This allows for very precise movements through small cuts. The benefits include less pain, quicker recovery, and fewer problems after surgery.
Benefits compared to Open Surgery
| Aspect | Open Surgery | Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery | Robotic-Assisted Colon Surgery |
| Size of Cuts | Open surgery requires one large cut in the abdomen. | Laparoscopic surgery uses a few small cuts. | Robotic-assisted surgery uses several small cuts. |
| Pain after surgery | Patients usually experience more pain after open surgery. | Patients feel less pain after laparoscopic surgery. | Patients often feel even less pain with robotic-assisted surgery. |
| Scarring | Open surgery leaves a single, large scar. | Laparoscopic surgery leaves a few small scars. | Robotic-assisted surgery leaves the smallest and least visible scars. |
| Recovery Time | Patients take longer to recover and stay in the hospital for a longer period. | Patients recover faster. | Patients often recover even faster than with laparoscopy. |
| Precision | The surgeon works directly with their hands, which has limits. | The surgeon uses special tools and a camera for better precision. | The surgeon uses robotic arms for the highest level of precision. |
| Complications | Open surgery carries a higher risk of infection and bleeding. | Laparoscopic surgery has fewer risks compared to open surgery. | Robotic-assisted surgery offers the lowest risk, especially in complex cases. |
Preparing for Colorectal Surgery
Preoperative Assessment and Testing
A thorough preoperative assessment is necessary to check the patient’s health.
This includes:
- Blood tests to check organ function and detect potential problems.
- Imaging studies, such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs, help to see the inside of the body.
- Physical examinations to check fitness for surgery.
These tests make sure the patient is in the best condition for surgery. They also help identify hidden health issues. The latter may cause complications during or after the procedure.
Diet and Lifestyle Preparations
Adhering to specific dietary recommendations before surgery can help facilitate a faster and more effective healing process. Patients need to follow a low-fibre diet to prepare their digestive system. The doctor recommends quitting smoking and limiting alcohol intake.
Post-Surgery Care and Enhanced Recovery
After colorectal cancer surgery, the focus shifts to recovery. With the aid of advanced surgical techniques, patients recover much more quickly.
Pain Management Strategies
Effective pain management is crucial for a successful post-surgery recovery. Doctors use several methods to control pain after surgery. These include epidural analgesia, intravenous (IV) pain medicines, and oral pain relievers.
Early Mobilisation and Physical Therapy
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols emphasise the importance of early mobilisation. It helps in better recovery.
- Doctors encourage patients to get out of bed and start walking as soon as possible after surgery.
- Early movement helps reduce the risk of complications, such as blood clots.
- Physical therapy is also an essential part of recovery. It supports the return of strength, balance, and mobility.
Diet and Bowel Function Recovery
After surgery, patients need to adjust their diet to promote bowel recovery. Constipation occurs but is manageable with proper care. High-fibre foods help normalise bowel movements and prevent constipation. Introduction to solid foods is gradual.
Reducing Risks and Complications
Although colorectal cancer surgery is generally safe, like any surgical procedure, there are risks. It’s crucial to take steps to minimise these risks and address complications early.
Infection Prevention
Preventing infections is a top priority. Doctors use antibiotics before surgery to reduce the risk of infections. Proper wound care after surgery is also crucial in preventing infection at the incision sites.
Monitoring for Surgical Complications
Doctors check patients for problems such as bleeding, infection, or bowel blockage. Early detection can help provide treatment, which aids in faster healing.
Follow-Up and Long-Term Care
Follow-up visits are essential for tracking recovery and cancer progression. Long-term care requires regular imaging and other screenings. Doctors advise colonoscopies to check the risk of recurrence.
Success Stories and Patient Experiences
Patient Name: Mr A.N. (name changed for privacy reasons)
Age / Gender: 30 / Male
Health Concern / Symptoms Reported: Mr A.N. had a previous history of rectal cancer surgery and, with subsequent radiotherapy, presented with recurrence of the disease after two years.
Diagnosis: Recurrent rectal cancer after previous treatment, now affecting nearby lymph nodes and the sacral bone.
Treatment Given: He was initially refused surgery at multiple centres due to the complexity of the recurrence. Under the guidance of Dr Sanjoy Mandal, a multidisciplinary team, including a urologist, performed a complete radical lymph node removal, pelvic exenteration, and sacral bone resection. The surgery lasted six hours, followed by a six-day hospital stay for post-operative care.
Outcome/Result: Following surgery, the patient is recovering well, with no further signs of recurrence. He is doing well after the extensive procedure and is on the road to recovery.
Faster Healing Through Advanced Surgical Techniques
Colorectal cancer surgery has advanced over recent years. Modern techniques like laparoscopic surgery help patients heal much faster. Robotic-assisted colon surgery reduces pain and improves treatment outcomes. With preparation and care, recovery is quicker and life returns to normal.
Book an Appointment
Consult Dr Sanjoy Mandal, a trusted GI surgeon in Kolkata, for advanced colorectal cancer surgery options. Book your consultation today.
People Also Ask
- How long does it take to heal from colon cancer surgery?
Most people recover in about 4 to 6 weeks. With minimally invasive surgery, healing is often quicker and less painful.
- Which surgery is best for colon cancer?
The best surgery depends on where the tumour is and how advanced it is. Laparoscopic colorectal surgery uses small cuts to reduce pain and speed healing. Robotic-assisted surgery offers higher precision and often faster recovery times.
- How fast can colon cancer come back after surgery?
Cancer may return, most often within the first 2 to 3 years after surgery. This is why regular check-ups and follow-up care are very important.
- What is the quality of life after colon cancer surgery?
Most patients do well and enjoy a good quality of life. Bowel changes after colorectal surgery are common but usually improve over weeks or months with time, a balanced diet, and proper care.
- How do you feel after colon cancer surgery?
It is normal to feel sore and weak for a few weeks after the procedure. With reasonable pain control, early walking, and support, patients regain strength and energy.