Primary Peritoneal Cancer (PPC) might not be a term you hear every day. Still, it is something every woman should be aware of—especially if there is a history of ovarian or breast cancer in the family. This rare but serious cancer affects the thin lining of the abdomen (called the peritoneum). It often shows up with unexplained, easy-to-ignore symptoms like bloating or discomfort.
What is particularly important to know? Women are majorly more likely to develop PPC than men.
But why is that the case? Let’s break it down in a simple way so you know what to look out for and when to consult a trusted GI cancer doctor.
What Exactly is Primary Peritoneal Cancer?
Think of the peritoneum as a thin, protective sheet that lines your belly and wraps around your organs. Primary peritoneal cancer starts in that layer, not in the ovaries, but it acts very similarly to ovarian cancer. In fact, many women who have never had ovarian issues are surprised when they are diagnosed with peritoneal cancer. That is because these two cancers are closely linked in how they develop and spread.
Why Are Women More Affected?
Here is what the experts and research suggest:
Close Link with Ovarian Cancer
Not many people know that the peritoneum and ovaries develop from the same type of tissue during early development. That means they can both give rise to the same kinds of cells called epithelial cells. So, even if a woman has had her ovaries removed, she can still develop primary peritoneal cancer.
Genetic Mutations (BRCA1 & BRCA2 Mutations)
Women with inherited gene mutations, especially in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes, are more prone to developing both ovarian and peritoneal cancers. These genes usually help repair damaged cells/DNA. But when they are faulty, cancer risk increases. A woman with these mutations may still be at risk for PPC even after having her ovaries removed. That is why genetic testing and knowing your family history can be life-saving.
Family History Matters
If your mother, sister, or daughter has had ovarian, breast, or peritoneal cancer, your own risk increases. Even if you have never had symptoms, it is crucial to stay cautious and consider regular screenings.
Hormonal Exposure
Some ongoing research suggests that hormonal changes—like early menstruation, late menopause, or not having children, or even endometriosis—might slightly increase the chances of developing primary peritoneal cancer. It is not the only factor, but you must be aware of it.
Symptoms You Shouldn’t Ignore
The early signs of primary peritoneal cancer are often unclear and easy to miss. They might include:
- Constant or frequent bloating
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- Feeling full very quickly
- Loss of appetite
- Unexplained weight loss
- Exhaustion that doesn’t go away
- Changes in bowel habits
Since these symptoms are so general, they are often mistaken for other common issues. That is why timely consultation with a specialist is essential.
Can It Be Prevented?
There is no guaranteed way to prevent PPC, but knowing your risk factors—especially family history and genetic aspects—can help. If you have a strong family history of ovarian or breast cancer, speak to a doctor about genetic counselling or regular screenings.
Treatment usually involves a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, just like ovarian cancer. The goal is to target as much of the cancer as possible and prevent it from spreading.
Conclusion
Are you worried about unexplained abdominal symptoms or have a family history of cancer? Consult Dr. Sanjoy Mandal, a trusted and experienced GI cancer doctor in Kolkata, for expert guidance, accurate diagnosis, compassionate care, and a personalized treatment plan.
Your health deserves the right attention—don’t wait for symptoms to worsen.